Another common belief is that the Mexica, especially their ruler Montezuma, believed that Cortes was the personification their god Quetzalcoatl. He also described the marketplaces selling precious goods, bath and shops that he personally saw during his exploration of the Central American territories. How did the Aztecs and Cortes interact with each... How many Aztecs were killed by the Spanish? They were Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan. The Spanish were helped by the Tlaxcala, a Mesoamerican civilisation rival of the Aztecs, and other native tribes which allied with them to defeat the Aztecs, especially in the siege of Tenochtitlan because the Spanish falsely promised them territories and a tax-free partnership in the post-conquest rule of Mexico. Moreover, Mexica’s armour was made of cotton, though it was light and protected them well against in fights with other Aztecs, it was not resistant enough to protect them from the Spanish’s weapons. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. how did the spanish treat the peoples they conquered? All rights reserved. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The siege was characterised by a series of brutal and chaotic fights along the waterways and within the City precincts of Tenochtitlan as the Spaniards sought to establish control over the City whilst the Aztecs feverishly defended it. Tenochtitlan was surrounded by water on all sides, but was also accessible via big roads, called causeways, and long canals along … Spanish’s military success was due to their military superiority and also to the support of local Mesoamerican tribes. killed most of them in Mexico city area. Smallpox was caused by an African being held as a slave, from the Spanish army, who had smallpox. Slavery in the Spanish American colonies was an economic and social institution which existed throughout the Spanish Empire.In its American territories, it initially bound indigenous people and later slaves of African origin.. -Coe, MD & Koontz, R 2008, Mexico: from the Olmecs to the Aztecs, 6th edn, Thames & Hudson, London. They also had scheduled ritual battles with their enemies called flowery wars, both to acquire prisoners for sacrifices and to train the new soldiers, plus they were way more than the Spanish conquistadores. This disease killed many Aztecs Aztecs being forced to work under the Encomienda system The Spanish burn Aztecs at the … The Spanish took advantage of local rivalries and allied with other Mesoamerican civilisations. These texts also tracked key natural events—storms, droughts, frosts and illness. ancient history, Aztecs, history, Uncategorized. Cortes advances into Mexico: 1519: Cortes reaches the coast of Mexico, in March 1519, with eleven ships. welcomed them. Many authors argued that Cortes took advantage of the fact that the ruler of Tenochtitlan, Montezuma II, was convinced that he was the returned Feathered Serpent god, Quetzalcoatl, as forecasted by an ancient prophecy. Other scholars pointed out that the fact the Aztecs considered the Spanish as god was a later construct, which was created to explain the relatively easy conquest of the Aztec Empire by the small group of Spanish soldiers. There are many myths about the way the Spanish defeated them, such as that the Spanish beat them because they had gunpowder weapons, but also since they took advantage of the fact that initially they believed that Cortes was their returning god Quetzalcoatl, and also because they were militarily superior to them. info)),, variant spellings include Motecuhzomatzin, Montezuma, Moteuczoma, Motecuhzoma, Motēuczōmah, Muteczuma, and referred to retroactively in European sources as Moctezuma II, was the ninth tlatoani or ruler of the Aztec Empire, reigning from 1502 to 1520.The first contact between the indigenous … So, gunpowder or the alleged fact that the Mexica saw Cortes as god were not the real reasons of the quick defeat of the Mexica, which instead were overall beaten by the superior military strategy of the Spanish conquistadores. Cengage Learning, Stamford, Connecticut (USA). 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